dbt_scanner00.cpp

This C++ direct_bt scanner example is a TinyB backward compatible and not fully event driven.It uses a more simple high-level approach via semantic GATT types (Service, Characteristic, ..) without bothering with fine implementation details of GATTHandler.

For a more technical and low-level approach see dbt_scanner01.cpp!

This example does not represent the recommended utilization of Direct-BT.

/*
 * Author: Sven Gothel <sgothel@jausoft.com>
 * Copyright (c) 2020 Gothel Software e.K.
 * Copyright (c) 2020 ZAFENA AB
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
 * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
 * "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
 * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
 * distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
 * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
 * the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
 * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
 * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
 * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
 * OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
 * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 */
 
#include <cinttypes>
 
#include <jau/dfa_utf8_decode.hpp>
 
#include <direct_bt/DirectBT.hpp>
 
extern "C" {
    #include <unistd.h>
}
 
using namespace direct_bt;
using namespace jau;
 
/**
 * This C++ direct_bt scanner example is a TinyB backward compatible and not fully event driven.
 * It uses a more simple high-level approach via semantic GATT types (Service, Characteristic, ..)
 * without bothering with fine implementation details of BTGattHandler.
 * <p>
 * For a more technical and low-level approach see dbt_scanner01.cpp!
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * This example does not represent the recommended utilization of Direct-BT.
 * </p>
 */
 
std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> deviceFound = nullptr;
std::mutex mtxDeviceFound;
std::condition_variable cvDeviceFound;
 
class MyAdapterStatusListener : public AdapterStatusListener {
    void adapterSettingsChanged(BTAdapter &a, const AdapterSetting oldmask, const AdapterSetting newmask,
                                const AdapterSetting changedmask, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** Native Adapter SETTINGS_CHANGED: %s -> %s, changed %s\n",
                to_string(oldmask).c_str(),
                to_string(newmask).c_str(),
                to_string(changedmask).c_str());
        fprintf(stderr, "Status BTAdapter:\n");
        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", a.toString().c_str());
        (void)timestamp;
    }
 
    void discoveringChanged(BTAdapter &a, const ScanType currentMeta, const ScanType changedType, const bool changedEnabled, const bool keepAlive, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** DISCOVERING: meta %s, changed[%s, enabled %d, keepAlive %d]: %s\n",
                to_string(currentMeta).c_str(), to_string(changedType).c_str(), changedEnabled, keepAlive, a.toString().c_str());
        (void)timestamp;
    }
 
    bool deviceFound(std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> device, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** FOUND__: %s\n", device->toString(true).c_str());
        fprintf(stderr, "Status Adapter:\n");
        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", device->getAdapter().toString().c_str());
        {
            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lockRead(mtxDeviceFound); // RAII-style acquire and relinquish via destructor
            ::deviceFound = device;
            cvDeviceFound.notify_all(); // notify waiting getter
            return true;
        }
        (void)timestamp;
    }
    void deviceUpdated(std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> device, const EIRDataType updateMask, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** UPDATED: %s of %s\n", to_string(updateMask).c_str(), device->toString(true).c_str());
        (void)timestamp;
    }
    void deviceConnected(std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> device, const uint16_t handle, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** CONNECTED: %s\n", device->toString(true).c_str());
        (void)handle;
        (void)timestamp;
    }
    void devicePairingState(std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> device, const SMPPairingState state, const PairingMode mode, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** PAIRING STATE: state %s, mode %s, %s\n",
            to_string(state).c_str(), to_string(mode).c_str(), device->toString().c_str());
        (void)timestamp;
    }
    void deviceReady(std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> device, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** READY: %s\n", device->toString().c_str());
        (void)timestamp;
    }
    void deviceDisconnected(std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> device, const HCIStatusCode reason, const uint16_t handle, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        fprintf(stderr, "****** DISCONNECTED: Reason 0x%X (%s), old handle %s: %s\n",
                static_cast<uint8_t>(reason), to_string(reason).c_str(),
                to_hexstring(handle).c_str(), device->toString(true).c_str());
        (void)handle;
        (void)timestamp;
    }
 
    std::string toString() const override {
        return "MyAdapterStatusListener[this "+to_hexstring(this)+"]";
    }
};
 
static const uuid16_t _TEMPERATURE_MEASUREMENT(GattCharacteristicType::TEMPERATURE_MEASUREMENT);
 
class MyGATTEventListener : public BTGattChar::Listener {
  public:
 
    MyGATTEventListener() {}
 
    void notificationReceived(BTGattCharRef charDecl, const TROOctets& charValue, const uint64_t timestamp) override {
        const std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> dev = charDecl->getDeviceChecked();
        const uint64_t tR = getCurrentMilliseconds();
        fprintf(stderr, "****** GATT Notify (td %" PRIu64 " ms, dev-discovered %" PRIu64 " ms): From %s\n",
                (tR-timestamp), (tR-dev->ts_creation), dev->toString().c_str());
        if( nullptr != charDecl ) {
            fprintf(stderr, "****** decl %s\n", charDecl->toString().c_str());
        }
        fprintf(stderr, "****** rawv %s\n", charValue.toString().c_str());
    }
 
    void indicationReceived(BTGattCharRef charDecl,
                            const TROOctets& charValue, const uint64_t timestamp,
                            const bool confirmationSent) override
    {
        const std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> dev = charDecl->getDeviceChecked();
        const uint64_t tR = getCurrentMilliseconds();
        fprintf(stderr, "****** GATT Indication (confirmed %d, td(msg %" PRIu64 " ms, dev-discovered %" PRIu64 " ms): From %s\n",
                confirmationSent, (tR-timestamp), (tR-dev->ts_creation), dev->toString().c_str());
        if( nullptr != charDecl ) {
            fprintf(stderr, "****** decl %s\n", charDecl->toString().c_str());
            if( _TEMPERATURE_MEASUREMENT == *charDecl->value_type ) {
                std::shared_ptr<GattTemperatureMeasurement> temp = GattTemperatureMeasurement::get(charValue);
                if( nullptr != temp ) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "****** valu %s\n", temp->toString().c_str());
                }
            }
        }
        fprintf(stderr, "****** rawv %s\n", charValue.toString().c_str());
    }
};
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    bool ok = true, foundDevice=false;
    int dev_id = 0; // default
    bool waitForEnter=false;
    BDAddressAndType waitForDevice = BDAddressAndType::ANY_DEVICE;
    bool forever = false;
 
    /**
     * BT Core Spec v5.2:  Vol 3, Part A L2CAP Spec: 7.9 PRIORITIZING DATA OVER HCI
     *
     * In order for guaranteed channels to meet their guarantees,
     * L2CAP should prioritize traffic over the HCI transport in devices that support HCI.
     * Packets for Guaranteed channels should receive higher priority than packets for Best Effort channels.
     * ...
     * I have noticed that w/o HCI le_connect, overall communication takes twice as long!!!
     */
    bool doHCI_Connect = true;
 
    for(int i=1; i<argc; i++) {
        if( !strcmp("-wait", argv[i]) ) {
            waitForEnter = true;
        } else if( !strcmp("-forever", argv[i]) ) {
            forever = true;
        } else if( !strcmp("-dev_id", argv[i]) && argc > (i+1) ) {
            dev_id = atoi(argv[++i]);
        } else if( !strcmp("-skipConnect", argv[i]) ) {
            doHCI_Connect = false;
        } else if( !strcmp("-mac", argv[i]) && argc > (i+1) ) {
            std::string macstr = std::string(argv[++i]);
            waitForDevice = BDAddressAndType(EUI48(macstr), BDAddressType::BDADDR_UNDEFINED);
        }
    }
    fprintf(stderr, "dev_id %d\n", dev_id);
    fprintf(stderr, "doHCI_Connect %d\n", doHCI_Connect);
    fprintf(stderr, "waitForDevice: %s\n", waitForDevice.toString().c_str());
 
    if( waitForEnter ) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Press ENTER to continue\n");
        getchar();
    }
    BTManager & mngr = BTManager::get();
 
    std::shared_ptr<BTAdapter> adapter = mngr.getAdapter(dev_id);
    if( nullptr == adapter ) {
        fprintf(stderr, "adapter dev_id %d not available.\n", dev_id);
        exit(1);
    }
    if( !adapter->isValid() ) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Adapter invalid: %s\n", adapter->toString().c_str());
        exit(1);
    }
    if( !adapter->isPowered() ) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Adapter not powered: %s\n", adapter->toString().c_str());
        exit(1);
    }
    fprintf(stderr, "Using adapter: %s\n", adapter->toString().c_str());
 
    adapter->addStatusListener(std::shared_ptr<AdapterStatusListener>(new MyAdapterStatusListener()));
 
    const uint64_t t0 = getCurrentMilliseconds();
 
    while( ok && ( forever || !foundDevice ) ) {
        ok = HCIStatusCode::SUCCESS == adapter->startDiscovery(true /* keepAlive */);
        if( !ok) {
            perror("Adapter start discovery failed");
            goto out;
        }
 
        std::shared_ptr<BTDevice> device = nullptr;
        {
            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lockRead(mtxDeviceFound); // RAII-style acquire and relinquish via destructor
            while( nullptr == device ) { // FIXME deadlock, waiting forever!
                cvDeviceFound.wait(lockRead);
                if( nullptr != deviceFound ) {
                    foundDevice = deviceFound->getAddressAndType().matches(waitForDevice); // match
                    if( foundDevice || ( BDAddressAndType::ANY_DEVICE == waitForDevice && deviceFound->getAddressAndType().isLEAddress() ) ) {
                        // match or any LE device
                        device.swap(deviceFound); // take over deviceFound
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        adapter->stopDiscovery();
 
        if( ok && nullptr != device ) {
            const uint64_t t1 = getCurrentMilliseconds();
 
            //
            // HCI LE-Connect
            // (Without: Overall communication takes ~twice as long!!!)
            //
            if( doHCI_Connect ) {
                HCIStatusCode res;
                if( ( res = device->connectDefault() ) != HCIStatusCode::SUCCESS ) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "Connect: Failed res %s, %s\n", to_string(res).c_str(), device->toString().c_str());
                    // we tolerate the failed immediate connect, as it might happen at a later time
                } else {
                    fprintf(stderr, "Connect: Success\n");
                }
            } else {
                fprintf(stderr, "Connect: Skipped %s\n", device->toString().c_str());
            }
 
            //
            // GATT Service Processing
            //
            jau::darray<BTGattServiceRef> primServices = device->getGattServices(); // implicit GATT connect...
            if( primServices.size() > 0 ) {
                const uint64_t t5 = getCurrentMilliseconds();
                {
                    const uint64_t td15 = t5 - t1; // discovered -> connect -> gatt complete
                    const uint64_t td05 = t5 - t0; // total
                    fprintf(stderr, "\n\n\n");
                    fprintf(stderr, "GATT primary-services completed\n");
                    fprintf(stderr, "  discovery-done to gatt complete %" PRIu64 " ms,\n"
                                    "  discovered to gatt complete %" PRIu64 " ms,\n"
                                    "  total %" PRIu64 " ms\n\n",
                                    td15, (t5 - device->getCreationTimestamp()), td05);
                }
                std::shared_ptr<GattGenericAccessSvc> ga = device->getGattGenericAccess();
                if( nullptr != ga ) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "  GenericAccess: %s\n\n", ga->toString().c_str());
                }
                {
                    std::shared_ptr<BTGattHandler> gatt = device->getGattHandler();
                    if( nullptr != gatt && gatt->isConnected() ) {
                        std::shared_ptr<GattDeviceInformationSvc> di = gatt->getDeviceInformation(primServices);
                        if( nullptr != di ) {
                            fprintf(stderr, "  DeviceInformation: %s\n\n", di->toString().c_str());
                        }
                    }
                }
 
                for(size_t i=0; i<primServices.size(); i++) {
                    BTGattService & primService = *primServices.at(i);
                    fprintf(stderr, "  [%2.2d] Service %s\n", (int)i, primService.toString().c_str());
                    fprintf(stderr, "  [%2.2d] Service Characteristics\n", (int)i);
                    jau::darray<BTGattCharRef> & serviceCharacteristics = primService.characteristicList;
                    for(size_t j=0; j<serviceCharacteristics.size(); j++) {
                        BTGattChar & serviceChar = *serviceCharacteristics.at(j);
                        fprintf(stderr, "  [%2.2d.%2.2d] Decla: %s\n", (int)i, (int)j, serviceChar.toString().c_str());
                        if( serviceChar.hasProperties(BTGattChar::PropertyBitVal::Read) ) {
                            POctets value(BTGattHandler::number(BTGattHandler::Defaults::MAX_ATT_MTU), 0);
                            if( serviceChar.readValue(value) ) {
                                std::string sval = dfa_utf8_decode(value.get_ptr(), value.getSize());
                                fprintf(stderr, "  [%2.2d.%2.2d] Value: %s ('%s')\n", (int)i, (int)j, value.toString().c_str(), sval.c_str());
                            }
                        }
                        bool cccdEnableResult[2];
                        bool cccdRet = serviceChar.configNotificationIndication(true /* enableNotification */, true /* enableIndication */, cccdEnableResult);
                        fprintf(stderr, "  [%2.2d.%2.2d] Config Notification(%d), Indication(%d): Result %d\n",
                                (int)i, (int)j, cccdEnableResult[0], cccdEnableResult[1], cccdRet);
                        if( cccdRet ) {
                            serviceChar.addCharListener( std::shared_ptr<BTGattChar::Listener>( new MyGATTEventListener() ) );
                        }
                    }
                }
                // FIXME sleep 1s for potential callbacks ..
                sleep(1);
            }
            device->disconnect(); // OK if not connected, also issues device->disconnectGATT() -> gatt->disconnect()
        } // if( ok && nullptr != device )
    }
 
out:
    return 0;
}